The Importance of Education

I personally think that education is very important for us as Indonesian teenager who will take over values, good morals, culture and knowledge. We also bring the future of Indonesia nation in the middle of world global civilization.

The condition of education in Indonesia is terrible. Why do I say that? In fact, there are many regions that have not been reached by good education. If the condition is going like this, I am sure it is difficult for Indonesia to be a prosperous country. How can it be? As we all know, a prosperous country must have a good basic education, because by having good education, people will get job easily, good life. Due to this reason, it makes the country prosperous.

The Dangerous of Using Drugs

       Everybody must pay attention of drugs. Drugs are very dangerous for us. Why it is very dangerous for us? Because its can caused harm to our body. 

        In terms of health, many organs in our body can be harm because using drug. In general, the impact of using drug are can unconscious, make us hallucinate, can harm our nerve, and cause addictive effect. Beside that, using drugs can make the users depressed, liver disease, schizophrenia, blockage of blood vessels, dehydration, optic nerve damage, brain damage, and finally it can cause DEATH! 

Duck and Turtle

Two ducks who lived in a big lake had a friend who was a turtle. One year there was a very little rain and the lake began to dry up. One of the ducks said to the other, “Soon, there’ll be no water in this lake. Let’s go and look for lake.”  “Yes, answered the second duck, “But first let’s say good bye to our friend, the turtle.” When they told the turtle they were going to leave, he said, “I’ll die here without any water and without any friends. Take me with you.” “The ducks answered, “We can’t. We are going to fly, and you have no wings.” “The turtle thought for a minute and then said, “please wait here.” Then he went away and found a strong, straight stick. He brought it back to his friends, put the middle of it in his mouth and said, “Now if each of you takes me one end of the stick in his mouth, you can lift me up and carry me with you.” “ That is dangerous,” said the ducks, “if you try to talk while we’re carrying you through the air, you won’t be able to hold the stick, so you’ll fall down along way and break your shell.” “all right,” answered the turtle, “I promise not to talk while we’re in the air. So the ducks took the stick and flew away, with the turtle between them. All went well until they were flying over a town. Then some people saw them and shouted, “Look, those ducks are carrying a cat!”The turtle got very angry, “A cat? I’m not …” he said, but he did not get any further, because when he opened his mouth, the stick came out of his mouth and the poor turtle fell to the ground.

Golden Eggs

Long time ago a remote village, in central China was inhabited mainly with farmers and hunters. One day, a poor farmer lost his entire livestock to flood. He prayed hard to God for help or his family would die of starvation. Few days later, an old man with long grey beard, passed by his house took pity on him. He gave him a goose and said “ I don’t have any expensive thing to give you and hope this goose will help you to ease your hardship.” A week later to almost surprise the farmer found and egg in his yard. This was no ordinary egg. It was a golden egg. He was suddenly overcome with joy. Thereafter, his livelihood had rapidly improved but the farmer had forgotten his earlier hardship. He became lazy, arrogant and spendthrift. Strangely, the goose only laid one golden egg every six months. The greedy farmer lost his patient and slaughtered his goose thinking there were plenty of golden eggs inside its stomach. Though he very much regretted for his foolishness, it’s already too late.

ELECTRONICS

Television, stereophonic recording and play back, the computer, robots, and space probes are all products of electronics. Electronics is the branch of physics concerned with the generation and behavior of electrons, as in transistors and electron tubes. It is especially concerned with their use in electronic devices, in which electricity is used to control, communicate, and process information. These devices have caused greater changes in everyday life than those of any other technology introduced in the 20^th century.  

THE PAPER BAG

The brown paper bag has just become a hundred year old, and we should celebrate.

That paper grocery bag is a symbol of many good things. We can bring it home from the food store full of meat and vegetables, and it becomes an image of prosperity; it brings thoughts of shiny apples, dry cereal, and clean, warm kitchens-America. When, we fold the bag flat and store it under the kitchen sink it becomes an image of thrift, of saving everything to use again.

Years ago, paper bags were made by hand by boys working for grocers. In 1851, a Pennsylvania school teacher invented a machine to make the bags, but his bags did not stand upright and could not be folded and stored flat. Then the first modern bag was produced; it had a flat rectangular bottom and pleated sides. And in 1910, manufactures began producing bags from a tough new kind of paper called Kraft (a German word meaning “strength”).

Analytical Exposition Text

The purpose of analytical exposition text is to analyze a topic and to persuade the reader that a certain thesis/opinion is correct by developing an argument to support it. Arguments are ordered according to the writer’s choice, usually according to criteria of strong and weak arguments. Text book and academic journal are example of this text.

Generic structure:

1. Thesis (opinion/point of view): introduce a topic and indicates the writer’s position: outline the main idea arguments to be presented. 
2.  Arguments (with supporting evidence): it consists of point (state the main argument) and elaboration (develops and supports each point of argument) 
3.  Reiteration (conclusion): restate the writer’s position

Language futures:

1.  General noun 
2. Abstract noun. 
3. Technical word 
4. Relating verb 
5.  Action verb 
6. Thinking verb 
7.  Modal verb 
8.  Adverb 
9.  Connectives 
10. The use of presents tense 
11. The use of compound and complex sentences

THE DRUG OFFENSIVE

In 1084, twenty thousand people die as a result of drug abuse. Drugs account for an incredible thirty-two percent of deaths, roughly between the ages of fifteen and   thirty five. These statistics show that Australia is developing a drug problem and this problem is steadily increasing. Drugs are taking over many young Australia’s live and can lead indirectly to theft and corruption.

 Drugs abuse is a serious issue which must not be ignored. Before we can take action, however, there are certain facts involved with drug abuse that must be notice. Drugs abuse is term used to describe the extremely harmful and deliberate intake of illegal and dangerous drugs. Such drugs include hallucinogens; heroin, cocaine, marijuana, and cannabis have incredible devastating effect on people when consumed. Certain brain cell may be damaged when overpowering amount of addictive drugs are taken, resulting in deteriorated physical, and mental alertness. An example of this is the fact that many past drug addicts are this ugly, why are so many young Australians finding drugs so inviting? The answer sounds serious, yet extremely common amongst all young people fear, pressure and stress. Fear of not being accepted, of lives not heading in a satisfying direction, pressure from peers, work, the outside world and its commitment, and therefore the buildup of stress that stays in the conscience and burdens the mind.  

Young people need to escape from their problems and drugs offer the fastest release. Here is where the problem of drug abuse must be stepped. It is extremely hard to catch drug “pushers” before they sell illegal drugs, so other approaches must be taken.     

Taken from: Written genre in the secondary school.  

DAMON AND PHINTIAS

There was once two best friends named Damon and Phinitias. They lived in Syracuse, Sicily in the 4^th  century BC. They were Philosophers of Pythagorean School.  

One day, phinitias was sentence to death by Dionysius the younger, the ruler of the city, for plotting against his rule. Phinitias then begged for permission to go home to finish his private affairs before he is executed. Dionysius of course refused his request. Phinitias felt very sad and hopeless. But then, Damon came to Dionysius and begged to grant phinitias’s request. Damon loyalty offer to replace phinitias while he is gone. Hi is willing to take phinitias place in place prison. Dionysius then agreed and greeted their request. 

Phinitias was very happy and thankful for his friend’s sacrifice. He promised Damon that he will returned as soon as possible. He started home as fast as he can. Days gone by and Damon waited very patiently in jail. But until the day before his execution, phinitias had not returned. And on his execution day phinitias still had not returned. Damon knew that he had to take phinitias’s place and get executed if phinitias did not show up.

WHAT IS HORTATORY EXPOSITION?

The purpose of hortatory exposition text is to argue a case or against a particular position or point of view and it purposes a suggestion at the end of argumentation.

Generis structure:  

• The general statement / thesis is the parts of topic discussed 
• Arguments that usually it is based on the criteria of weak and strong arguments.
• Suggestion/recommendation is contains what should or should not happen

Language futures:

•   The use of emotive words(e.g. worried, afraid, alarmed, etc) 
• The use of words that qualify the statements (usual, probably) 
• The use of words that link arguments ( firstly, however, therefore) 
• The use of compound and complex sentence 
• The use of modals and adverbs ( may, should, must) 
• The use of subjunctive opinions using pronouns I and we.

EXPRESSING ANGER

Expressing Anger: Expressing a strong feeling which makes you want to hurt someone or be unpleasant because of something unfair or hurtful that has happened. 




this is some expression that can be used: 

Asking if someone is angry	Expressing anger
What’s the matter?	Well, I’ve never been so insulted in my life.
What do you look so insulted about?	I’m extremely unhappy about this.
Did I insult you?	I’m not pleased at all.
Are you angry about something?	I can’t stand ….
Are you angry with me?	What displeasure!
What are you so angry about?	You’re getting me angry.
What happened?	You burn me up.

EXPRESSING EMBARRASSMENT

Expressing embarrassment is expressing feeling of being worries and ashamed. There are some expression that can be used in expressing embarrassment, they are: 

EXPRESSING EMBARRASSMENT

What an embarrassment!

I must say that it’s an embarrassment.

That’s a real embarrassment.

What a shame.

It’s my embarrassment to ….

I was so ashamed.

It really makes me ashamed.

Tell me it never happened.

How embarrassing.

Giving advice

In doing her duty a nurse usually gives some advice to the patients. In that case you should give special attention to a number of problem situation and suggested language from which are appropriate to those situations.

Useful Expression:
Ø I’d like t suggest you that ….
Saya ingin menyarankan anda bahwa ……


Ø Why don’t you …. Mr. Brown.
Bagaimana kalau anda …. Tuan brown


Ø It’s better for you to ….
Sebaiknya anda ….


Ø My suggestion is ….
Saran saya adalah …..

Ø I think you should …
Saya fikir anda sebaiknya ….


Ø I suggest you to ….
Saya sarankan anda untuk …..


Ø The best way to do is ….
Jalan yang terbaik adalah ….


Ø If you ask my advice, you have to ….
Jika anda minta nasehat anda, anda harus …


Ø You should ….
Seharusnya anda …

WHAT IS ADVERB ?

Adverbs are words which to describe, verb, adjectives, and other adverbs.

TYPES of ADVERBS
1.Adverbs of place
2.Adverbs of time
3.Adverbs of manner
4.Adverbs of degree
5.Adverbs of frequency
6.adverbs of certainty

THE TYPES OF ADVERBS . USUALLY, THESE ADVERBS ARE USED :

• ADVERBS OF PLACE                 :  Preposition : in, at, behind, under, here, there. 
• ADVERBS OF TIME                    :  Now, soon, yesterday, tomorrow, tonight, etc. 
• ADVERBS OF MANNER            :  Hard, carefully, fast, better, late, well, etc. 
• ADVERBS OF DEGREE              :  Almost, quite, too, very, fully, extremely, etc. 
• ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY     :  Always, sometimes, never, ever, often,seldom, and usually.
• ADVERBS OF CERTAINTY       :  Surely, definitely, obviously, evidently, clearly. 

AGRICULTURE

Nowadays, many people have realized that agriculture is much more important than as the supporting tools in economic developments. In Indonesia, agricultural should be the priority of development because of some good reason. First of all, the agriculture’s contribution in the beginning of the development is highest among the other sectors. At present, almost half of total Indonesia labors are working in agriculture sector, but the contribution of agriculture sector does not reach 30 percent.

Second, agriculture sector is expected to fulfill the need of food in a country. As the number of population increase in an alarming rate each year, food supply must also increase. But in development countries, food production and agriculture production per capita never increase more than one percent each year, and in some extreme case, it even stagnant.

Last but not least, without agricultural development, the growth of industrial will be hampered because the growth that comes from industry will bring a wider gap into the internal economy in that country. In turn, this gap will create serious poverty problems, wider inequality of incomes distribution, and increase unemployment. Based on the above discussion, it is obvious that the government should put agriculture as the priority of national development.

Taken from: interlanguge 

SCHOOL UNIFORM, ANOTHER GOOD LESSON

School uniform is special clothes worn by all students of a particular school. The uniform of a school may different from another. Why should schools use uniform? Below are some reasons. First of all, Notre Dame’s Department of Sociology produced a study in 1998 concerning school uniforms. Their findings use 10^th grades students showed that uniforms have no direct effect on “substance abuse, behavioral problems or attendance.”

Secondly, uniform helps to create a strong sense school ethos and sense of belonging to a particular community. As such it promotes discipline and helps to drive up academic standards, which is why a uniform is often adopted by school which are being reopened with a fresh start after being classified as failing.

Finally, uniform acts as a social leveler, under which all students are equal in the eyes of the school and of each other. In institutions without uniform students are often competitive and worry endlessly about their appearance and the clothes they should wear. Pupils without expensive designer clothes and trainers may be singled out as social. Outcast, or stigmatized as being from poor backgrounds. For these reason many parents prefer uniforms as they save them money on buying clothes for school wear.

Considering the findings, schools should implement the uniforms as their identity. The government should also publish some kind of rule which makes uniforms compulsory for schools.

Taken from: interlanguage

ON SCHOOL DISCIPLINE

Being on time is a beautiful social ethic and one of great importance, as if creates efficiency in system and implies respect for one another. However, it is one of many values that school must inculcate into its students over time. Discipline is not something that must be slapped onto a child like handcuffs. Inner discipline, one that comes from within due to an understanding of the set rules and regulations, is the highest from behavior. Most excellent schools try to instill this with a loving environment. Why, even adults arrive late to meeting, work, etc-admittedly shamefaced. Here, we are talking about children. Latecomers should not be out. They can be given warnings, most of which are enough to make them want to reach school on time. If this fails, talk to the parents. By closing its gates, the school is behaving cruelly and coldly-treatment to which we prepare not to expose our children.

Every school has a responsibility to implement education concept in the appropriate context, not just those school that follow international standard and are generally unaffordable for the majority. Good schools create competitive students who can organize themselves effectively in society so that everyone gets a quality life as a result of ethics and values imbibed into students for as long as 12 years. Children are precious, and are dependent on adults for guidance and we must not take advantages of this. Understanding   them is the key, and to the end, both parents and schools must work hand in hand without playing the blame game.

Taken from: the Jakarta post, October 30, 2003

ALI BABA AND THE FORTY THIEVES

Ali Baba was such a poor man that he had only one shoe for his two feet. Even the mice in his house were hungry.

One day, his wife said “we have no food in the house. No rice, no potatoes. Go and collect leaves in the forest so that I can make a soup. “Ali was lazy man. He looked for leaves for about ten minutes and then he climbed a tree to sleep. He was afraid of wolves. When, he woke up, he was surprised to see forty thieves on forty horses. They stopped in the front a big rock. “Open sesame!” shouted the leader. A door on the rock opened. The thieves carried sacks full of gold into the cave. When they had finished, the leader shouted. “Close Sesame!” and the door closed.

WHY DOES THE COCK EAT THE MILLIPEDE?

Long ago the cock had a pair of beautiful horns on his head. But at that time there was a dragon who was prevented from ascending into heaven because he lacked a pair of horns. And so he offered the millipede as a guarantor, and borrowed the horns from the cock!

When the millipede came for the horns, he said to the cock:”when you want your horns back, you must call out at dawn: ‘give me back my horns!’ and they will be returned you at once. You need have no occasion to be concerned in the least.”

The kind cock knew how difficult it was to ascend to heaven, so, reassured by the good security the millipede offered, he loaned his horns without hesitation, just twisting them right off his head. He also thought to himself that when the dragon returned from his visit to heaven, they could sit down and have a good conversation; he would ask the dragon to tell him how things were heaven, and if it really was beautiful there, as he had always heard. If it was true, he might consider going there himself someday, he thought.

THE RABBIT AND THE TURTLE

One day a rabbit and a turtle were talking. The rabbit said to the turtle, “You’re the slowest animal on earth. I don’t understand why you brother to move at all.

“May be I’m slow,” said the turtle, “But I think I can win a race with you.”

The rabbit laughed, “Fine,” she said. “I’ll see you at the finish line,” and she ran off.

It was a hot day and the rabbit began to feel a little sleepy. “I think I’ll take a little nap under this tree,” she thought. “If turtle passes me, it will be easy to run ahead of her later.”

The rabbit fell asleep. When she woke up it was dark. Suddenly she remembered the race. She got up and began run when she reached the finished line, the turtle was waiting for her.

“Well,” said turtle. “Guess I won.”

Taken from: In Good Company