SOME AND ANY

SOME	ANY
Use some in positive sentences: I’m going to buy some clothes. There’s some ice in the fridge. We did some exercises.	Use any in negative sentences: I’m not going to buy any clothes. There isn’t any orange juice in the fridge. We did not do any exercise.

·         Any and some in questions

In most questions (but not all) we use any:

Ø  Is there any ice in the fridge?

Ø  Has he got any friends?

Ø  Why didn’t you buy any food?

IS BEING DONE ……. HAS BEEN DONE

PASSIVE VOICE 

·         Is/are being ….(present continuous passive)

Somebody is painting the door. (Active)

Door is being painted the. (Passive)

ü  My car is at the garage.  It is being repaired. (= somebody is repairing it)  

ü  Some new houses are being built opposite the park. (=somebody is building them)

Compare the present continuous and simple present:

ü  The office is being cleaned at the moment. (continuous)

The office is cleaned every day. (Simple)  

IS DONE…. WAS DONE

PASSIVE VOICE

The office is cleaned every day.

The office was cleaned yesterday.

·         Compare active and passive voice:

Somebody cleans the office every day. (Active)

The office is cleaned every day. (Passive)

Somebody cleaned the office yesterday. (Active)

The office was cleaned yesterday. (Passive)

·         The passive is:

Simple present            : am/is/are + v3 (past participle)

Past tense                    : was/were + v3 (past participle)

The past participle of regular verb is –ed (cleaned/damaged, etc)

For a list of irregular past participles (done/built/taken, etc).

ü  Butter is made from milk.

ü  Oranges are important into Britain.

ü  This house was built 100 years ago.

ü  These houses were built 100 years old.

·         Passive + by…..

ü  We were woken up by a loud noise. (= the noise woke us up)

ü  The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876.

ü  My brother was bitten by a dog last week.

Taken from: Essential Grammar in Use

  

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ALADDIN AND MAGIC LAMP

Long-long time ago, lived a poor lady with her son. The name of the son was Aladdin.

One day Aladdin met a princess who was very beautiful. Aladdin’s mother wanted to look for a job soon. Then Aladdin went to the market to look for a job. “Uncle, do you need any workers?” Aladdin asked the bread seller. “I don’t need any,” replied the bread seller. This conversation between Aladdin and the bread seller was overheard by an oil merchant.

“Hi boy! Are you looking for a job?” asked the oil merchant.” Yes, sir” replied Aladdin. “I’ll pay you well if you work for me,” said the oil merchant.” Very well, sir,” said Aladdin by followed the oil merchant.

Actually the oil merchant was an evil sorcerer. He brought Aladdin to a mountain. He pointed to a cave and asked Aladdin to enter it. “Enter and bring me the lamp that is hidden in there,” ordered the magician. Aladdin entered the cave and found many boxes. Wow! There were gold coins, diamonds and other precious stones Aladdin took some gold coins and precious stones and put them into the pockets. “Why did the man asked for the lamp only?” Aladdin asked himself. At last, Aladdin found the lamp among May boxes “Give me the lamp!” shouted the sorcerer. “I won’t, I must come out of this place first.” Replied Aladdin.

THE BIG CHEESE

Remy was a rat. His job was to smell the garbage. He made sure it was safe to eat. But Remy did not like his job. Remy was not like other rats. He did not like garbage. He liked good food. He wanted to be a chef.

One day, Remy wanted to find the perfect spice. He crept into a kitchen. The old lady who lived there worked up. She chased the rats. But Remy did not leave. He had to grab a cookbook. Remy tried to catch up. It was no use. He was all alone. Remy ended up in Paris! He saw a fine restaurant! Remy looked inside the restaurant. A boy named Linguini tried to make soup. Remy knew the soup would be bad! Remy fell into the kitchen. He had to get out! But first he fixed the soup. The chef saw rat. He told Linguini to get rid of Remy. But Linguini knew Remy had made his soup taste good. He asked Remy to help him cook. Remy and Linguini cooked together. They were good team!

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NONE OF YOUR BUSINESS!

Last week I went to my sister’s school to see her performance in a drama. First, I looked for the best seat in the school hall. Then, I sat and waited patiently for the drama. As soon as the drama started, I tried to concentrate on the performance. The drama was good but I did not enjoy it. Two children were sitting behind me and they were talking loudly. I got very angry because I could not hear the conversations. So, I turned my head and looked at them angrily. They did not pay any attention and kept on talking. Finally, I turned round again and said angrily that I could not hear a word.

To my surprise they told me that It was none of my business. I thought they did not understand. What I was tring to say was that I couldn’t hear the drama not their conversation.

Taken from: English on Sky 2

ALIMUDIN, A LOCAL FOOTBALLER.

Alimudin is 16 years old. He is a local footballer who plays for small football club in Parramatta, Sydney. He works hard to be a professional footballer.

His day starts at 4. First, he says his prayer and then he goes jogging. He goes jogging for one hour. After jogging, he joins his club to do some practice. After that he takes a rest and takes a bath. His mother always prepares simple breakfast for him. After breakfast, he goes to school.

At 3 p.m. he goes to the football field. His football club practice playing football. He learns a lot of from his coach. His football practice ends at about 5p.m. he goes home and dies his other daily activity.

Taken from: English on Sky 2

EXERCISES

People do exercise to keep healthy. It is a big part of staying physically fit. People who are physically fit are alert and full of energy. Exercise can also help people handle stress. Exercise is especially good for children, teens, and older persons. There are two main types of exercise: aerobic and anaerobic.

Aerobic exercise works big muscles n you arms and legs. It makes your heart and lungs work harder to supply your muscular with oxygen. Running, Walking, jogging, and swimming are kinds of aerobic exercise. Regular aerobic exercise leads to a healthier heart. You should do 20 to 30 minutes of aerobic exercise at least three times a week. Aerobic exercise can help you lose weight. It can help you stay at a healthy weight. Aerobic exercise burns calories.

Aerobic exercise works just a few muscles at a time. It makes your muscular bigger and stronger. T does not work our heart or lungs. You can only do anaerobic exercise for short periods of time because the muscular you are using quickly get tired. It is a good idea to have a trainer or physical education teacher show you how to lift weight properly. It is important not to injure yourself when lifting weights. Start out with small weights. Try lifting heavier and heavier weights as your muscular get stronger.

Taken from: Be Smart Bahasa Inggris