The Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system consists of organs responsible for producing sex cell, receiving sperm from the male, and providing a site for fertilization and growth of the fetus during pregnancy. Ovaries are the primary sex organs. They are responsible for the production of sex cells called ova. The secondary sex organs include the fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina. The fallopian tubes and uterus are important for fertilization, implantation, and development of the embryo. The vagina receives sperm during intercourse and functions as the birth canal during childbirth. Females also have mammary glands that secrete nourishment after a baby is born.

Menstrual cycle 

The menstrual cycle occur during reproductive period (from puberty through menopause in response to rhythmic variations of hormones). The endometrial lining of the uterus proliferates in preparation for implantation of the fertilized egg and in the absence of pregnancy is shed with some bleeding through the vagina.

Menopause 

Menopause is the gradual interruption and ending of the menstrual cycles associated with the depletion of oocytes in the ovary, and subsequence decline of estrogen levels occurring about 45 to 50 years of age.